2024 Iranian presidential election
 | |||
| |||
|
| |||
| |||
 2024 Iranian presidential election |
|---|
| Council for Coordinating the Reforms Front |
| Related elections & appointments |
Early presidential elections in Iran will be held on 28 June 2024[1] following the death of President Ebrahim Raisi in a helicopter crash on 19 May.[2]
Background[edit]
On 19 May 2024, Raisi was returning from a trip to the Iran-Azerbaijan border to inaugurate a hydroelectric complex at the Giz Galasi reservoir alongside the President of Azerbaijan Ilham Aliyev.[3] During their journey, the helicopter carrying him and seven other passengers and crew[4] crashed at approximately 13:30 IRST (UTC+03:30) near the city of Varzaqan in the province of East Azerbaijan. Heavy fog affected search-and-rescue conditions, but by 20:39, Iranian forces were near the crash.[5] Later that day, the wreckage of the helicopter was located,[6] with everyone on board found dead. This led to First Vice President Mohammad Mokhber becoming the acting president according to Article 131 of the Constitution.[7]
Electoral system[edit]
The president of Iran is usually elected every four years by a "direct vote of the people", as set out by Article 114 of the Iranian Constitution,[7] which means that a presidential election should have taken place on or before 18 June 2025, but due to the death of the president, it will be held earlier. It is the country's highest directly elected official, the chief of the executive branch, and the second most important position after the Supreme Leader. Under Iran's political system, the Supreme Leader holds much more power than the President.[8] The minimum voting age is 18.
According to the Islamic Republic of Iran's constitution, any Iranian citizen who believes in Shia Islam, is loyal to the Constitution, the ideology of Guardianship of the Islamic Jurist and the Islamic Republic can participate in election as a presidential candidate. An institution called the Election Monitoring Agency (EMA), managed by the Guardian Council, vets registered candidates and selects a handful to run in the election.[9]
The Guardian Council does not publicly announce the reason for rejections of particular candidates, although those reasons are privately explained to each candidate. Women are not constitutionally restricted from running; however, all women who have registered as candidates have been excluded from standing for election by the Guardian Council,[10][11] although the council has officially denied rejecting a woman's candidacy because of her gender.[12]
Those approved by the Guardian Council are put to a public vote. The winner is the candidate who receives a majority (50% plus one) of votes. If no candidate receives enough votes, another election is held between the two candidates with the most votes the following Friday.[13] Iranians who voted during the election receive a stamp that indicate so on their birth certificates.[14]
According to the constitution, once the result is known, the Supreme Leader must sign the decree of the elected president, and if he refuses to sign, the elected president will not assume the presidency. So far, Supreme Leaders have always signed the decree of the elected president.[15][16] After that, the elected president must recite and sign an oath in a session of the Islamic Consultative Assembly, in the presence of the members of the Guardian Council and the head of the Supreme Court. In the Oath, the elected president must swear that he will guard the official religion (Islam), protect the Constitution and the Islamic Republic, and that he will dedicate himself to the service of the nation, its people, and its religion (among other things).[13]
Candidates[edit]
A final list of candidates is expected to be released by the Guardian Council on 11 June.[17]
Applied[edit]
| Name | Born | Experience | Campaign | Ref | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
 Mahmoud Ahmadinejad |
28 October 1956 (age 67) Aradan, Iran |
Member of the Expediency Discernment Council (since 2013) President of Iran (2005–2013) Mayor of Tehran (2003–2005) Disqualified presidential candidate (2017, 2021) |
Membership: Islamic Society of Engineers Applied: 2 June 2024 |
[18] | |
 Zohreh Elahian |
1968 (age 55–56) Kermanshah, Iran |
Member of the Islamic Consultative Assembly (2008–2012; 2020–2024) |
Membership: Society of Pathseekers Applied: 2 June 2024 |
[19] | |
.jpeg) Mohammad Mehdi Esmaili |
1975 (age 48–49) Kabudarahang, Iran |
Minister of Culture and Islamic Guidance (since 2021) |
Membership: Independent Applied: 2 June 2024 |
[20] | |
.jpg) Abdonnaser Hemmati |
9 June 1956 (age 67) Kabudarahang, Iran |
Governor of the Central Bank of Iran (2018–2021) Ambassador to China (2018) Governor of the Central Insurance of Iran (2016–2018, 1994–2006) Presidential candidate (2021) |
Membership: Executives of Construction Party Applied: 31 May 2024 |
[21] | |
.jpg) Saeed Jalili |
6 September 1965 (age 58) Mashhad, Iran |
Member of the Expediency Discernment Council (since 2013) Secretary of the Supreme National Security Council (2007–2013) Chief Nuclear Negotiator (2007–2013) Presidential candidate (2013, 2021) |
Membership: Independent Applied: 30 May 2024 |
[22] | |
 Mostafa Kavakebian |
18 March 1963 (age 61) Semnan, Iran |
Member of the Islamic Consultative Assembly (2008–2012; 2016–2020) Disqualified presidential candidate (2005, 2013, 2017) |
Membership: Democracy Party Applied: 30 May 2024 |
[23] | |
 Sadeq Khalilian |
1959 (age 64–65) Ahvaz, Iran |
Governor General of Khuzestan (2021–2022) Minister of Agriculture (2009–2013) |
Membership: Independent Applied: 2 June 2024 |
[24] | |
.jpg) Ali Larijani |
3 June 1958 (age 66) Najaf, Iraq |
Member of the Expediency Discernment Council (1997–2008; since 2020) Speaker of the Islamic Consultative Assembly (2008–2020) Member of the Islamic Consultative Assembly (2008–2020) Presidential candidate (2005, 2021) |
Membership: Independent Applied: 31 May 2024 |
[25] | |
 Mohammad Reza Mirtajodini |
16 March 1963 (age 61) Tabriz, Iran |
Member of the Islamic Consultative Assembly (2004–2009, 2020–2024) Vice President of Iran (2009–2013) |
Membership: Independent Applied: 2 June 2024 |
[19] | |
 Masoud Pezeshkian |
29 September 1954 (age 69) Mahabad, Iran |
Member of the Islamic Consultative Assembly (2008–2024) Ministry of Health and Medical Education (2001–2005) |
Membership: Independent Applied: 2 June 2024 |
[19] | |
 Mohammad Reza Pour Ebrahimi |
8 August 1970 (age 53) Rafsanjan, Iran |
Member of the Islamic Consultative Assembly (2012–2024) |
Membership: Islamic Coalition Party Applied: 2 June 2024 |
[26] | |
 Mohammadreza Sabaghian |
1968 (age 55–56) Bafq, Iran |
Member of the Islamic Consultative Assembly (since 2016) |
Membership: Independent Applied: 30 May 2024 |
[23] | |
 Mahmoud Sadeghi |
22 March 1962 (age 62) Aligudarz, Iran |
Member of the Islamic Consultative Assembly (2016–2020) Presidential candidate (2021) |
Membership: Islamic Association of University Instructors Applied: 2 June 2024 |
[27] | |
 Mohammad Shariatmadari |
24 June 1960 (age 63) Tehran, Iran |
Minister of Cooperatives, Labour and Social Welfare (2018–2021) Vice President of Iran for Executive Affairs (2013–2017) Minister of Commerce (1997–2005) Presidential candidate (2013) |
Membership: Independent Applied: 2 June 2024 |
[28] | |
.jpg) Alireza Zakani |
3 March 1966 (age 58) Ray, Iran |
Mayor of Tehran (since 2021) Member of the Islamic Consultative Assembly (2004–2016; 2020–2021) Presidential candidate (2013, 2017, 2021) |
Membership: Society of Pathseekers Applied: 1 June 2024 |
[29] | |
 Masoud Zaribafan |
1957 (age 66–67) Tehran, Iran |
Vice President of Iran (2009–2013) Cabinet Secretary of Iran (2005–2006) Member of the Islamic City Council of Tehran (2003–2007) |
Membership: Society of Devotees of the Islamic Revolution Applied: 2 June 2024 |
[30] | |
 Eshaq Jahangiri |
1968 (age 66) Bafq, Iran |
Member of the Islamic Consultative Assembly (since 2016) |
Membership: Independent Applied: 30 May 2024 |
[23] | |
Rejected[edit]
At least 30 people who registered their candidacies on 30 May were rejected due to failure to meet the "basic conditions for qualification".[31]
Dates[edit]
Following the announcement of Raisi's death on 20 May, authorities announced that voting would be held on 28 June.[1] Registration of candidates began on 30 May and ran until 3 June,[32] while campaigning would last from 12 June until 27 June.[1]
Debates[edit]
IRIB will exclusively hold and broadcast debates.[33][34]
Turnout[edit]
According to a poll conducted by the Majlis Research Center[when?], the voter turnout is predicted to be over 53%.[35] As with recent elections, the voter turnout is expected to be low due to boycotting and not near the percentile of the state polls.[8][citation needed]
See also[edit]
References[edit]
- ^ a b c "Iran to hold presidential elections on June 28 after Raisi's death". Al Arabiya. Retrieved 20 May 2024.
- ^ "Iran helicopter crash: President Ebrahim Raisi killed in helicopter crash". BBC News. 20 May 2024. Retrieved 20 May 2024.
- ^ Hafezi, Parisa (20 May 2024). "Helicopter carrying Iranian President Raisi crashes, search under way". Reuters. Retrieved 20 May 2024.
- ^ "Thousands at Iran president's funeral procession". BBC. 21 May 2024. Retrieved 21 May 2024.
- ^ Makoii, Akhtar; Abrahams, Jessica; Smith, Benedict; Zagon, Chanel (19 May 2024). "Search for Iranian president Ebrahim Raisi's helicopter complicated by rain". The Telegraph. ISSN 0307-1235. Retrieved 20 May 2024.
- ^ "Iran president helicopter crash live updates: President Ebrahim Raisi dies - state TV". BBC News. Retrieved 20 May 2024.
- ^ a b "Constitution". en.mfa.ir. Retrieved 20 May 2024.
- ^ a b "Ebrahim Raisi, ultra-conservative judiciary chief, wins Iran's presidential vote amid historically low turnout". CNN. 19 June 2021. Archived from the original on 21 June 2021. Retrieved 19 June 2021.
- ^ Iranian provisional government of Mehdi Bazargan. "Constitution of the Islamic Republic of Iran". Archived from the original on 5 March 2021. Retrieved 20 June 2021 – via Wikisource.
- ^ "ثبت نام زنان در انتخابات ریاست جمهوری بلامانع است/ نظر فقها هیچ تغییری نکرده است". ایسنا (in Persian). 10 October 2020. Archived from the original on 15 May 2021. Retrieved 14 May 2021.
- ^ Karimov, F (8 May 2013). "First female candidate registered for Iranian presidential elections". Trend. Archived from the original on 7 June 2013. Retrieved 18 June 2013.
- ^ "Iran's ban on female presidential candidates contradicts Constitution". Amnesty International. 17 May 2013. Retrieved 18 June 2013.[dead link]
- ^ a b "Constitution of the Islamic Republic of Iran, 1979 (amended 1989)" (PDF). Constitute Project. 28 July 1989. Archived (PDF) from the original on 22 December 2019. Retrieved 18 June 2021.
- ^ Gambrell, Jon (19 June 2021). "Hard-line judiciary head wins Iran presidency as turnout low". Dubai, United Arab Emirates. AP. Archived from the original on 21 June 2021. Retrieved 19 June 2021.
- ^ "بازخوانی تنفیذ احکام روسای جمهور+عکس و متن احکام". ایسنا (in Persian). 3 August 2013. Archived from the original on 14 May 2021. Retrieved 14 May 2021.
- ^ "مراسم تنفیذ حکم حسن روحانی برگزار شد". BBC News فارسی (in Persian). Archived from the original on 14 May 2021. Retrieved 14 May 2021.
- ^ "Iran's hardline ex-president Ahmadinejad registers candidacy for snap presidential poll". France 24. Retrieved 2 June 2024.
- ^ Gambrell, Jon. "Iran's hard-line former President Mahmoud Ahmadinejad registers for June 28 presidential election". Associated Press. Retrieved 2 June 2024.
- ^ a b c "Ahmadinejad enters Iran's June 28 presidential election race". Mehrnews. Retrieved 2 June 2024.
- ^ "Culture min. Esmaili joins Iran's presidential election race". Mehrnews. Retrieved 2 June 2024.
- ^ "Former Iranian parliament speaker Ali Larijani registers as a possible presidential candidate". Associated Press. 31 May 2024. Retrieved 31 May 2024.
- ^ "Iran opens registration for the June presidential election after Raisi died in a helicopter crash". Associated Press. 30 May 2024. Retrieved 30 May 2024.
- ^ a b c "Iran opens registration for presidential race to replace late Raisi". Al Jazeera. 30 May 2024. Retrieved 30 May 2024.
- ^ "ثبت نام صادق خلیلیان در انتخابات ریاست جمهوری". Mashregnews. Retrieved 3 June 2024.
- ^ "Ali Larijani registered in the presidential election" (in Persian). Khabar Online. 31 May 2024. Retrieved 31 May 2024.
- ^ "پورابراهیمی داوطلب کاندیداتوری انتخابات ریاستجمهوری شد". Isna. Retrieved 3 June 2024.
- ^ "'Reformist' Politician Registers to Run for Iran's Presidency". Iranintl. Retrieved 2 June 2024.
- ^ "محمد شریعتمداری داوطلب کاندیداتوری انتخابات ریاستجمهوری شد". ISNA. Retrieved 3 June 2024.
- ^ "Tehran Mayor Zakani Enters Presidential Race Amid Criticisms". Iranitl.com. Retrieved 2 June 2024.
- ^ "Masoud Zaribafan registers for June 28 presidential election". Mehrnews. Retrieved 2 June 2024.
- ^ "Iran registers presidential candidates for snap elections after Raisi's death". France 24. 30 May 2024. Retrieved 30 May 2024.
- ^ Gambrell, Jon (30 May 2024). "Iran opens registration period for the presidential election after a helicopter crash killed Raisi". Dubai, United Arab Emirates. AP. Retrieved 30 May 2024.
- ^ https://www.khabaronline.ir/amp/1914587/
- ^ https://www.yjc.ir/fa/news/8747270/%D9%87%D8%B4%D8%AF%D8%A7%D8%B1-%D9%85%D8%B9%D8%A7%D9%88%D9%86-%D8%AD%D9%82%D9%88%D9%82%DB%8C-%D8%B1%D8%B3%D8%A7%D9%86%D9%87-%D9%85%D9%84%DB%8C-%D8%A8%D9%87-%D8%AE%D8%A8%D8%B1%DA%AF%D8%B2%D8%A7%D8%B1%DB%8C%E2%80%8C%D9%87%D8%A7-%D9%88-%D8%B3%DA%A9%D9%88%E2%80%8C%D9%87%D8%A7%DB%8C-%D8%B5%D9%88%D8%AA-%D9%88-%D8%AA%D8%B5%D9%88%DB%8C%D8%B1-%D9%81%D8%B1%D8%A7%DA%AF%DB%8C%D8%B1
- ^ https://www.etemadonline.com/%D8%A8%D8%AE%D8%B4-%D8%B3%DB%8C%D8%A7%D8%B3%DB%8C-9/662138-%D8%AA%D8%B3%D9%86%DB%8C%D9%85-%D9%85%D8%B4%D8%A7%D8%B1%DA%A9%D8%AA-%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%AA%D8%AE%D8%A7%D8%A8%D8%A7%D8%AA%DB%8C
